LEGO NXT Experiments for Signals and Systems
Several LEGO Experiments have been designed to supplement a lecture-based Signals and Systems course. Students can perform these experiments in class or at home using their own computers to interface with the LEGO processor and to plot data.
Two versions of these experiments have been written:
Version 1 uses lower level commands. Students are required to modify a skeletal code written in NXC, so prior knowledge of C is not required. The advantage of this method is that students are exposed to embedded computing for implementing signal processing or controls including writing loops for implementing difference equations, integer arithmetic, and overflow considerations. The software development package that includes NXC is available for free. Click for more details.
Version 2 uses a graphical user interface. Students can run a preprogrammed code that requires them to change parameters using sliders. They can also modify the code by inserting MathScript or C commands into a script window embedded in the graphical interface. The advantage of this method is that the emphasis in Version 2 is not on the low level details but rather on the higher level concepts. For example, floating point operations are allowed, and students do not have to deal with syntax errors in C. Click for more details.
List of Experiments |
|||
Experiment |
Concepts |
Description | Download |
Light sensor Experiment
|
Aliasing, Frequency Analysis, Digital Filtering |
Data is recorded by one or two light sensors while the light in the room is turned on and off. The students are asked to design and implement a lowpass filter to remove noise. The source of the noise is investigated. |
V1:
NXC V2: LabVIEW |
Shaded Disk Experiment
|
Periodic Signals, Chirp Signals, Aliasing, Highpass and Lowpass Filters |
A motor turns the disk resulting in a sinusoidal signal measured from the light sensor. Students are asked to design and implement various types of filters. |
V1: NXC
|
Sound
Sensor Modulation
|
Amplitude Modulation and Demodulation, and Pulse Code Modulation | A signal is generated on a computer, modulated, and transmitted via the computer's speakers. The sound sensor measures sound intensity, and acts as an envelope detector to recover the original signal. |
V1: NXC V2: LabVIEW
|
|
Frequency Analysis, System Identification |
A system is created consisting of a sequence of components: modulator, speakers, air channel, and sound sensor. Though some of the components are nonlinear, the overall system has a linear range. The system is found from input/output data records. |
V1: NXC V2: LabVIEW
|
Quadrature Experiment
|
Aliasing, sensor processing | Two light sensors are mounted in quadrature with respect to the disk. This experiment is used to show students how to process and merge data. In this case, they would use the light sensor data to implement an encoder. |
V1: NXC V2: LabVIEW
|
Motor Control Demo
|
Effect of Feedback Control, Root Locus |
The experiment is meant to be passed around in class. Students can enter different gains into the processor and run a position control program. |
V1: NXC V2: LabVIEW
|
Motor Control Project
|
System Identification, Root Locus, Control Design and Implementation |
Students are asked to identify a system, design a lead controller to achieve time domain specifications, discretize and implement the control, and show the tracking response to sine waves of different frequencies. |
V1:
NXC
|